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RESUMEN Objetivo Caracterizar, en lo que a ingeniería clínica se refiere, el estado actual de una IPS de nivel II de mediana complejidad del departamento de Norte de Santander (Colombia). Metodología Se recopiló información de referencia sobre la disponibilidad de servicios de salud y los equipos médicos con el fin de determinar necesidades en tecnologías sanitarias basados en el análisis de los datos demográficos y epidemiológico. Resultados En el estudio se encontró que el área de influencia es grande para la poca capacidad instalada con la que cuenta la IPS. Se debe priorizar la adquisición de equipos biomédicos para las enfermedades no transmisibles. Se determinó que existen necesidades en cuanto al equipamiento biomédico y recursos humanos para el oportuno desarrollo de la prestación de los servicios. Discusión Teniendo en cuenta la situación actual de la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19, se evidencia que las IPS requieren que estas necesidades sean cubiertas con el fin de evitar un aumento en los casos de infectados y dar una atención oportuna a quienes padezcan esta enfermedad. Por ello se requiere un aumento de la capacidad Instalada de equipos biomédicos y servicios asistenciales. Esta caracterización va a permitirles a las IPS determinar cuáles son las carencias en equipos biomédicos, lo cual se hace fundamental en este momento, cuando se requiere un fortalecimiento de los servicios de salud que se prestan en el país.
ABSTRACT Objective To characterize the current state of the clinical engineering in a medium complexity (level 2) health institution in Norte de Santander, a State of Colombia, South America. Methodology Reference information was collected on the availability of health services and medical equipment to determine needs in health technologies based on the analysis of demographic and epidemiological data. Results The study resulted in that the area of influence is big y this have a little installed capacity, the acquisition of biomedical equipment for non-communicable diseases should be prioritized. It was determined that there are needs in terms of biomedical equipments and human resources for the timely development of the provision of services. Discussion Due to the current situation of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is evident that the IPS require that the needs be covered to avoid an increase in the cases of ¡nfected and assist the sick people, for that reason, an increase in the installed capacity of biomedical equipment and healthcare services is required. Finally, according to the economic aspect of the IPS, there are possible limitations for the acquisition of necessary biomedical equipment. This characterization will allow the IPS to determine what are the shortcomings in biomedical equipment, which is essential at this time when a strengthening of the health services provided in the country is required.
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Resumen El surgimiento y desarrollo de las tecnologías en salud ha hecho que se intensifique el papel de su evaluación en los últimos años, provocando un interés creciente en la Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud (ETES) en América Latina, a través de intentos por proporcionar información útil al tomador de decisiones. Este artículo presenta una revisión del estado del arte de ETES en Latinoamérica, a partir del análisis de publicaciones en revistas y eventos especializados. Se abordaron tres aspectos: elementos de evaluación, métodos que se aplican y políticas resultantes. Se encontraron los siguientes aspectos de evaluación: seguridad, eficacia, efectividad y eficiencia, económico-financieros, clínicos y técnicos, estos últimos con mayor desarrollo. Con respecto a los métodos, se encontraron propuestas de estrategias empíricas para el análisis de la información y la toma de decisiones. La generación de políticas públicas relacionadas con la ETES en América Latina es incipiente, apenas se están identificando las problemáticas nacionales y las estrategias a seguir para su solución. Por lo tanto, se aprecia una necesidad de seguir trabajando en el desarrollo de políticas, estrategias y métodos de ETES en la región Latinoamericana que permitan responder a las problemáticas en salud de la población de cada país.
Abstract The emergence and development of health technologies have intensified the role of their evaluation in recent years, causing a growing interest in the Evaluation of Health Technologies (ETES) in Latin America, through attempts to provide useful information to the decision-maker. This article presents a review of the state of the art of ETES in Latin America, from the analysis of publications in journals and specific events. Three aspects were addressed: evaluation elements, methods that are applied, and resulting policies. The following evaluation aspects were found: safety, efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency, economic-financial, clinical and technical, the latter with more significant development. Concerning the methods, proposals for empirical strategies for the analysis of information and decision making were found. The generation of public policies related to the HTA in Latin America is under development, national problems are hardly being identified, and the strategies to be followed for their solution. Therefore, there is a need to continue working on the development of policies, and methods of HTA in the Latin American region that allow responding to the health problems of the population of each country.
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Resumen Se analizan 112 auditorías de instalaciones eléctricas y seguridad de equipos biomédicos en 78 Institutos de Medicina Altamente Especializada (IMAE) del Uruguay, realizadas a lo largo de 14 años, clasificando el nivel de riesgo y de cumplimiento de normas desde el punto de vista de Ingeniería Clínica. Cada visita incluye una encuesta al personal encargado de mantener y gestionar la infraestructura eléctrica y el equipamiento biomédico, que abarca el estado de mantenimiento, el control y la documentación de las instalaciones eléctricas y del equipamiento biomédico. Se evalúa el riesgo con un puntaje de 0 a 4. En 2004-2007 el 74% de los IMAE tenía irregularidades en la instalación eléctrica, gestión de equipamiento, control de calidad o documentación. Además, un 15% de los que tenían problemas, tenía en particular equipamiento indicado como "equipo peligroso". En los períodos siguientes esta proporción baja paulatinamente hasta 0% en 2016-2017. No obstante, continúa existiendo un déficit en la gestión del equipamiento y en la documentación formal. El aporte de la Universidad en el seguimiento técnico de los IMAE se ha materializado en una mejora en materia de seguridad.
Abstract 112 field inspections to 78 high technology medical centers (IMAE is the Spanish acronym) over 14 years are analyzed. All visits were evaluated as to Clinical Engineering good practices and were assigned a risk level. All audits included a questionaire to maintenance management personnel on electrical network operation as well as on biomedical equipment follow-up and documentation from acquisition to disposal. Risk is assigned a level 0 to 4 at each visit. In 2004-2007, 74% of IMAEs had safety problems in one or more of electrical network, maintenance management or documentation, and 15% of the IMAEs with safety problems had one piece of equipment described as simply "dangerous". Electrical safety problems were eventually reduced to 0% in 2016-2017, probably as a consequence of regular audit and counseling by this University Clinical Engineering Program.
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RESUMO Objetivo: Propor um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho para o Departamento de Engenharia Clínica (EC) de um hospital público universitário. Metodologia: Após pesquisa bibliográfica dos indicadores da área de engenharia clínica citados na literatura, foi elaborado um questionário aplicado a gestores de hospitais de alta complexidade, docentes e especialistas para avaliar a pertinência, credibilidade do resultado, esforço de apuração, simplicidade de interpretação e de algoritmo de cálculo dos indicadores. Resultados:Foram propostos 14 indicadores para o departamento de EC: percentual de conclusão do programa de manutenção preventiva, tempo médio de atendimento, tempo médio de paralisação de máquina, número de reparos repetidos, percentual do total de ordens de serviço concluídas, número de ordens de serviço por área, percentual de reparos realizados externamente, percentual de reparos realizados por erro do usuário, custo de manutenção versus custo de aquisição, custo total de manutenção, satisfação do funcionário, treinamento da equipe técnica, satisfação do cliente e treinamento de usuários. Conclusões: Numa instituição pública de grande porte e nível terciário, a escolha dos indicadores para compor um painel para a gestão do Departamento de EC, bem como a apuração dos resultados deve ser ponderada, tendo em vista que, instituições governamentais sofrem impactos diretos quanto à disponibilidade de verba e entraves burocráticos que, muitas vezes, geram impasses difíceis de serem solucionados. É importante que exista um trabalho de conscientização dos funcionários quanto ao seu papel nos resultados dos indicadores e na busca das metas estabelecidas pela organização, pois, somente esse conjunto vai permitir uma gestão de sucesso (AU)
Objective: To propose a set of performance indicators for the Clinical Engineering Department (CE) of a public university hospital. Methodology: After a bibliographic search of clinical engineering indicators cited in the literature, a questionnaire was applied to hospital managers of high complexity, professors and specialists to evaluate the relevance, credibility of the result, calculation effort, sim-plicity of interpretation and calculation algorithm of indicators. Results: 14 indicators were proposed to the CE Department: percentage of completion of the preventive maintenance program, average service time, average machine downtime, number of repeated repairs, percentage of total work or-ders completed, number of service orders by area, percentage of repairs performed externally, per-centage of repairs performed by user error, maintenance cost versus cost of acquisition, total cost of maintenance, employee satisfaction, technical team training, customer satisfaction and user training. Conclusions: In a large public institution and tertiary level, the choice of the indicators to compose a panel of indicators for the management of the CE Department, as well as the calculation of the results, should be considered, since State institutions suffer direct impacts on the availability of funds and bu-reaucratic obstacles that often generate impasses that are difficult to solve. It is important that there is a work of awareness of the employees about their role in the results of the indicators and the search of the goals established by the organization since only this set will allow successful management (AU)
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Biomedical Engineering , Indicators (Statistics)ABSTRACT
Objective: To preliminarily explore the teaching content reformation of medical ultrasound course of undergraduates of biomedical engineering(BME)based on the perspective of clinical engineering(CE)so as to enhance competitive capability of graduate of BME in applying jobs.Methods: Self-designed questionnaire was adopted to investigate graduation plan,knowledge degree of medical ultrasound equipment and learning interests of senior undergraduates of BME.Results: The survey results showed that 22.85％(7 in 31 valid questionnaire)students hope to find a job in a hospital after they graduated.Before course starts,77.42％(24 in 31 valid questionnaire)respondents said they know nothing about the quality control(QC)of ultrasound diagnostic equipments,which is one of the most important tasks in CE.Comparing with other technical knowledge about medical ultrasound,the knowledge degree of QC is the lowest level.Meanwhile,in the rank of learning interest,students have very high learning interesting at relative QC and management.Conclusion: According to students' employment intension and learning interesting,the relative teaching contents of CE can meet the demand of position of BME students,and it is benefit to improve the job competitiveness of the graduates.Therefore,it is necessary to reform teaching content of medical ultrasound course of BME according to the point of CE.
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Objective: To reduce the risk of ventilator in clinical use by using technical management so as to enhance cure rate for patients. Methods: Through a series of methods included of clinical investigation, statistic analysis of data, socio-technical system model and others to analyze and assess risk factors which were possibly produced in the cure process of ventilator. And the relevant risk regulation indicators were formulated as above information. Results: The formulation about risk control criterion of operation in the cure process of ventilator provided various aspects, which included of the material qualities of ventilator and breathe pipeline, clinical service environment, human factor and others, for clinical engineer to control risk so as to ensure the life safe of patients. Conclusion: The clinical engineering department should adopt technique management way to analyze the cure process of ventilator, and control risk from aspect of clinical engineering. Therefore, it can efficiently reduce the risk of ventilator in clinical application and promote the safety and efficiency of ventilator in the treatment.
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Clinical engineering is an applied engineering theory and technology that combines medical and engineering methods to study and solve problems related to technical management and technical support of medical equipment, medical consumables, medical appliances, application software and in vitro reagents in hospitals. Clinical engineering researches involve the integration of clinical medical device applications with medical technology. The deepening of China's medical and health system reform has brought new development opportunities to the clinical engineering discipline, and the development of this discipline has been accelerating. However, as an emerging discipline, clinical engineering still has problems such as insufficient attention, backward ideas, and lack of directions. In this paper, the connotation of clinical engineering was explained, and the development status of clinical engineering and the main problems were analyzed. The functions of clinical engineering departments and the professional positioning of clinical engineers were also analyzed. The transformation mode and development direction of clinical engineering disciplines and clinical engineers were proposed. This paper can provide the basis for the construction of a new clinical engineering work system.
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Objective To analyze the current medical equipment maintenance management model and the existing problems.Methods According to the law of reliability bathtub curve,the maintenance decision of medical equipments was analyzed from the three failure period stages,including early failure period,accidental failure period and loss failure period.By taking breathing machines as an example,a maintenance decision analysis during accidental failures was conducted.Results Medical equipment problems are caused by a variety of reasons,including operational problem,technical problem and management problem.The operational problem is caused by maintenance delays,lack of maintenance,and non-standard operations.The technical problem was caused by a wide variety of medical equipment and complex maintenance manuals.The management problem was caused by lacking of scientific management in equipment maintenance and updates.Conclusions For different stages of medical equipment,the impact factors are different and different maintenance strategies should be selected.
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Objective To learn the present hospital expenditures of medical devices maintenance for improvement recommendations. Methods An investigation was made to the clinical engineering sections of 33 hospitals in 2018, including 11 Beijing hospitals and 22 Zhejiang hospitals. Indicator values of maintenance expenditure were obtained, and the data were subject to descriptive statistics. Results The mean of beds of these hospitals was 1514. 13 ± 710. 99, that of medical devices was 8120. 90 ± 6488. 63, that of original value of these devices was 843 ± 496 million yuan, and that of maintenance cost was 17. 35 ± 11. 92 million yuan. This indicated the cost of service ratio as 2. 02％. Conclusions Training of engineers should be strengthened at the sections, for more in-house maintenance. Informationization should be enhanced for precision maintenance. Multi-channel maintenance model should be introduced to further lower the costs.
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Abstract On one hand, technological training on medical devices is a major aspect of the requirements in decree #4725 of 2005 issued by the Invima1, also health training protocols are an aspect of the resolution 2003 of 2014 issued by the Colombian Ministry of Social Protection2. Several Colombian and international regulations indicate the need to perform training on medical devices oriented to clinic users and other personnel. An important aspect to implement user training on medical devices in different health centers is to promote the correct use of these devices, that implies the performing a safe and quality patient care as well as other aspects attending patients. Another aspect to take into account, is the equipment preservation. This article aims to analyze previous reviews on training models and to implement some variations on methodological practices to develop a training model based on the results training a group of bioengineering students.
Resumen Por un lado, la capacitación tecnológica para dispositivos médicos es un aspecto importante de los requerimientos del Decreto 4725 de 2005 publicado por el Invima1, asimismo los protocolos de capacitación en salud son parte de la resolución 2003 de 2014 emitida por el Ministerio Colombiano de La Protección Social2. Varias regulaciones colombianas e internacionales indican la necesidad de implementar procesos de capacitación en dispositivos médicos orientados a usuarios en clínicas y otro tipo de personal. Un aspecto importante para implementar la capacitación de los usuarios en dispositivos médicos en diferentes centros de salud es promover el uso correcto de estos dispositivos, lo que implica una atención segura y de calidad para los pacientes, así como otros aspectos de atención a los pacientes. Otro aspecto a tener en cuenta, es la preservación del equipo. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar revisiones anteriores sobre modelos de capacitación e implementar algunas variaciones en las prácticas metodológicas para desarrollar un modelo de capacitación basado en los resultados de formación a un grupo de estudiantes de bioingeniería.
Resumo Por um lado, a capacitação tecnológica em dispositivos médicos é um aspecto importante dos requerimentos do decreto #4725 de 2005 emitido pelo Invima1, também os protocolos de capacitação em saúde são um aspecto da resolução 2003 de 2014 emitida pelo Ministério Colombiano de proteção social2. Várias regulações colombianas e internacionais indicam a necessidade de realizar capacitação em dispositivos médicos orientados a usuários de clínicas e outro pessoal. Um aspecto importante para implementar a capacitação dos usuários em dispositivos médicos em diferentes centros de saúde é promover o uso correto destes dispositivos o que implica a realização de uma atenção de pacientes segura e de qualidade, bem como outros aspectos de assistência aos pacientes. Outro aspecto a ter em conta, é a preservação da equipe. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar revisões anteriores sobre modelos de formação e implementar algumas variações nas práticas metodológicas para desenvolver um modelo de formação baseado nos resultados de formação de um grupo de estudantes de bioengenharia.
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Resumen En este artículo se presenta el costo promedio por metro cuadrado en Colombia para el diseño y construcción de hospitales de tercer nivel de complejidad mediante la comparación del costo de diseño y construcción por metro cuadrado obtenido en otros países y en proyectos nacionales. Debido al total de la población colombiana y al número de camas disponibles existe un déficit del 42.3%, teniendo 1.5 camas por cada mil habitantes. De acuerdo con lo recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) este debe ser de 2.6 camas por cada mil habitantes. Por consiguiente, se requieren más proyectos de diseño y construcción de hospitales en los próximos años.
Abstract This article states the average cost per square meter in Colombia for the design and construction of third level complexity hospitals by comparing the design and construction square meter cost obtained in other countries and national projects. Due to the Colombian population and the number of beds there is a deficit of 42.3%, having 1.5 beds per thousand habitants. As recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) which is 2.6 beds per thousand inhabitants. Therefore, more hospital design and construction projects are required in years to come.
Resumo Neste artigo obtém-se o custo promédio por metro quadrado na Colômbia para o desenho e construção de hospitais de terceiro nível de complexidade, mediante a comparação do custo de desenho e construção por metro quadrado obtido em outros países e em projetos nacionais. Devido à população Colombiana e ao número de camas há um déficit de 42.3%, tendo 1.5 camas por cada mil habitantes. De acordo com o recomendado pela OMS que é 2.6 camas por cada mil habitantes. Pelo que se requerem mais projetos de desenho e construção de hospitais nos próximos anos.
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Resumen Las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud deben disponer de un control de calidad para los equipos médicos que garantice total confiabilidad en su funcionamiento y resultados, logrando el cumplimiento de los requisitos establecidos por las especificaciones técnicas y normas. En este contexto, las pruebas de desempeño en equipos biomédicos evalúan el desempeño, funcionamiento y cumplimiento de especificaciones de estos para brindar información confiable sobre su funcionamiento. En este trabajo se desarrolla un protocolo de evaluación de equipos médicos que permite cuantificar su desempeño, para esto se tiene en cuenta la información general del equipo, su estado y recomendaciones del fabricante entre otros; obteniendo un protocolo que pueda ser aplicado a diferentes tipos de equipos y que brinde información confiable y objetiva, en función de todos los aspectos que involucran su funcionamiento.
Abstract Healthcare service providers must count on the availability of quality control for their medical equipment which will assure total reliability in its operation, as well as results, thus complying with technical specifications and standards. Within this study, a medical equipment evaluation protocol is developed to quantify said equipment performance. In this context, performance tests in biomedical equipment assess the performance, operation, and compliance of biomedical equipment specifications to provide reliable information on its performance. This paper develops a protocol of evaluation for medical equipment that enables the quantification of its performance. To achieve this, it takes into account the general information of the equipment, its condition, as well as, manufacturer recommendations, among others, obtaining a protocol that can be applied to different types of equipment and that provides reliable and objective information, in terms of all the aspects that involve its operation.
Resumo As instituições prestadoras de serviços de saúde devem dispor de um controle de qualidade para as equipas médicas que garanta total fiabilidade em seu funcionamento e resultados, conseguindo o cumprimento dos requisitos estabelecidos pelas especificações técnicas e normas. Neste contexto, as provas de desempenho em equipas biomédicos avaliam o desempenho, funcionamento e cumprimento de especificações destes para brindar informação confiável sobre seu funcionamento. Neste trabalho desenvolve-se um protocolo de avaliação de equipamentos médicos que permite quantificar seu desempenho, para isto se tem em conta a informação geral do equipamento, seu estado e recomendações do fabricante entre outros; obtendo um protocolo que possa ser aplicado a diferentes tipos de equipamentos e que brinde informação confiável e objetiva, em função de todos os aspectos que envolvem seu funcionamento.
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Abstract Introduction In Brazil, professionals, scientific community, and members of regulatory bodies have not yet achieved a consensus regarding who can legally perform the professional duties of a clinical engineer. We aim at clarifying this aspect, based on a detailed analysis of the pertinent regulations. Methods We acted on three fronts: (i) reviewing the current legislation regarding the clinical engineering exercise; (ii) visiting hospitals and working as trainee to understand how this exercise is implemented on Brazil's Federal District; (iii) one of the authors participated in virtual discussion groups of clinical engineering professionals, monitoring collective understanding of regulations, checking consistency of proper knowledge, and acting as an active opinion leader in the subject among peers. Results We try to make a formal definition of clinical engineer and indicate their characteristic activities. We propose a synthesis of the regulation regarding healthcare products' integrity protection and health technology management, identifying the engineering activities necessary to achieve those legal requirements. We analyze the legal constraints and conditions to exert engineering, indicating the necessary professionals' attributions and the way to obtain them. Finally, we provide a brief analysis of the technical requirements presented by the Brazilian Consumer Protection Code and of the 15.943 Brazilian Standard (NBR). Discussion We conclude that, despite the lack of consensus about the Clinical Engineering activity, there exists in Brazil a Clinical Engineering regulation, but it is spread in complex laws and normative resolutions, defining compulsory responsibilities and attributions, as well as conditions and prerequisites for role performance.
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The GE discovery MR 7503.0 T magnetic resonance imaging is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging system. The troubleshooting and maintenance of this system is a complex systems engineering. The common failures of MR 750 MRI were analyzed, and the cause of the malfunction, treatment methods, and routine maintenance methods were introduced.
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Objective To investigate the status quo of clinical engineering departments (CED) in Guangdong province, to find out the main problems and challenges, and to give some suggestions on promoting the development of clinical engineering. Methods Questionnaires were issued to directors or engineers in hospitals on department missions, staff composition, quality control and obstructive factors for discipline development. Statistical analysis was executed for the questionnaires. Results Only 53.19% of the CED operated independently. The daily CE practice in Guangdong hospitals included carrying out procurement, installation, maintenance and archiving. Only 28.0%of the hospitals had QC instruments. The education backgrounds were mainly restrained in undergraduate degree and junior college degree, accounting for 80.0%. Totally 39.0% of the clinical engineers majored in biomedical engineering. The personnel with primary or intermediate professional titles accounted for 61.96%. There was 0.68 engineer per 100 beds or 0.23 engineer per ten million Yuan medical equipment. The top 3 factors that hindered the development of CE were inadequacy of professional staff, low education level and absence of laws and regulations. Conclusion CED in Guangdong province drops behind the outstanding institutions in China, and has to be promoted with the efforts of supervision facilities and etc.
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Objective To explore the management methods of medical equipment maintenance. Methods Based on the staffing of hospital engineering technician, the difference between levels of hospitals in medical equipment maintenance management was explored from the aspects of maintenance, preventive maintenance, use training of medical equipment, medical equipment maintenance management system and etc. Results The management methods of medical equipment maintenance were different corresponding to the configurations of the departments of clinical engineering. Conclusion The maintenance management method corresponding to the staffing of hospital engineering technician as well as the correct use of modern medical equipment contribute to insuring the safety and reliability and enhancing the availability and utilization rate.
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Objective:To study biomedical engineers’ working function in medical device adverse events monitoring.Methods: According to the core function of biomedical engineering discipline and the related theory of adverse events, we analyzed the complexity and difficulty of medical device adverse event monitoring, pointed out the major jobs of biomedical engineers and combined with the medical device maintenance case analysis.Results: The risk management of medical device is the working focus of biomedical engineers. Biomedical engineers have professional advantages in medical device adverse event monitoring.Conclusions: Based on discipline advantages and working core functions, the biomedical engineers can report high quality medical device adverse events and analyze and deal with them in time.
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This article presents a practical guidance model for clinics and hospitals of the Colombian national territory that provides technical support in the process of construction and consolidation of a schematic that shows the real cost inside their clinical engineering departments. For that purpose, an exhaustive technological vigilance has been done, relating to subject matter that compete with the managing cost in hospitable entities of diverse countries in the international arena. In addition, the study accumulates literary demonstrated in benchmarking developed by clinical - hospitable establishments of nations with out-standing standards of quality worldwide. Finally, all the information gathered is brought to the Colombian context to be applicable to the national healthcare system, and to be able to meet regulations and requirements that the Colombian Social Security System requires to clinical engineering departments.
En este artículo se presenta un modelo de orientación práctica para clínicas y hospitales del territorio nacional colombiano, que proporciona apoyo técnico en el proceso de construcción y consolidación de un esquema que muestra el costo real dentro de sus departamentos de ingeniería clínica. Para ello, se ha efectuado una exhaustiva vigilancia tecnológica, en relación con el tema que compita con el costo de gestión en entidades hospitalarias de diversos países en el ámbito internacional. Además, el estudio se compila literatura de la evaluación comparativa desarrollada por establecimientos clínicos - hospitalarios de las naciones con los mejores estándares de calidad en todo el mundo. Por último, toda la información recogida es llevada al contexto colombiano para ser aplicable al sistema nacional de salud, y para ser facilitar el cumplimiento con las normas y requisitos que el sistema de seguridad social colombiano exige a los departamentos de ingeniería clínica.
Este artigo apresenta um modelo de orientação prática para clínicas e hospitais no território colombiano, que presta apoio técnico no processo de construção e consolidação de um diagrama que mostra o custo real dentro de seus departamentos de engenharia clínica. Para este efeito, procedeu a uma vigilância tecnológica completa, em relação ao assunto que compete com o custo de gestão em entidades hospitalares de diferentes países no âmbito internacional. Além, o estudo se compila literatura da avaliação comparativa desenvolvida por estabelecimentos clínicos-Hospitalares das nações com os mais altos padrões de qualidade em todo o mundo. Finalmente, toda a informação recolhida é levada para o contexto colombiano para ser aplicável ao sistema nacional de saúde, e para facilitar o cumprimento das normas e requisitos que o sistema de segurança social colombiana exige aos departamentos de engenharia clínica.
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El proceso de capacitación en tecnología biomédica se enmarca dentro de los requerimientos del decreto # 4725 de 2005 emitido por el ministerio de protección social, y es parte del proceso de adquisición de tecnología el cual es de gran importancia para las instituciones prestadoras de salud en Colombia. La tecnología médica requiere procesos detallados de capacitación. Uno de los aspectos más importantes a considerar más no el único es la clasificación de riesgo de los dispositivos médicos, el cual es un factor muy importante porque puede cambiar el tiempo y costo de la capacitación. Este artículo pretende hacer una revisión de algunos modelos de capacitación en clínicas y hospitales y comprarlos entre sí, Adicionalmente el artículo presenta un modelo que se basa en los criterios más representativos de los modelos analizados.
The training in biomedical technology is part of the requirements of the decree # 4725 of 2005 issued by the Colombian Ministry of Social Protection, and it's part of the technology procurement process which is of great importance to the health institutions in Colombia. Medical technology requires detailed training processes. One of the most important aspects to consider, not the only one, is risk classification of medical devices, which is a very important factor that may affect time and cost of training. This article aims to review and compare some models of training in clinics and hospitals. In addition, the paper introduces a model based on the most representative criteria of the models analyzed.
O treinamento em tecnologia biomédica é parte dos requisitos do decreto # 4725 de 2005 emitido pelo Ministério da Proteção Social, e faz parte do processo de aquisição de tecnologia, que é de grande importância para as instituições de saúde na Colômbia. A tecnologia médica requer processos de treinamento detalhados. Um dos aspectos mais importantes a considerar não é a única classificação de risco de dispositivos médicos, o que é um fator muito importante que pode mudar o tempo e o custo do treinamento. Este artigo tem por objetivo revisar alguns modelos de formação em clínicas e hospitais e compará-los entre si, Além disso, o artigo apresenta um modelo com base nos critérios mais representativos dos modelos analisados.
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En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras analizar la información recolectada en once instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud (IPS) en la ciudad de Cali y municipios aledaños, sobre tres elementos clave para la buena práctica de la Ingeniería Clínica: adquisición de tecnología, gestión de mantenimiento y formación del personal. Se realizó una comparación entre las prácticas actuales de IC en las IPS encuestadas y las prácticas propuestas en la literatura existente. Se propone además una serie de aspectos a tomar en cuenta con miras a mejorar el desempeño de los departamentos de IC tanto en la ciudad como en el país.
This paper summarizes the results obtained after analyzing the information gathered in eleven institutions providing health services (IPS, in Colombia) in the city of Cali and surrounding municipalities, three key elements for good clinical engineering practice are presented: Acquisition technology, management, maintenance and staff training. A comparison between current practices in the surveyed IC at IPS and practices proposed in the literature was conducted. It also proposes a number of aspects to consider in order to improve performance of both IC departments in the city and in the country.
Este artigo apresenta os resultados obtidos depois de analisar as informações coletadas em onze instituições prestadoras de serviços de saúde (IPS), na cidade de Cali e municípios vizinhos, sobre três elementos-chave para a boa prática de engenharia clínica: aquisição de tecnologia, gestão de manutenção e treinamento de pessoal. Uma comparação foi feita entre as práticas atuais nas IPS e práticas propostos na literatura atual. Ele também propõe uma série de aspectos a considerar, a fim de melhorar o desempenho dos departamentos IC tanto na cidade quanto no país.